The Problem Faced By The Student Run Clinic - 1451 Words

The problem faced by the student run clinic called Bhagat Puran Singh Health Initiative (BPSHI), which is a non-profit organization is to have an affordable yet reliable system that can further expand on the free health awareness provided. One such way that can further expand on the health assistance is the transition of older traditional paper medical record to an electronic record system (EMR). However, there are a number of sub-problems that needs to be addressed when implementing the transition, which are: a proper EMR application, work force, and analysis skills not limited to time and cost. In simpler words, the problem faced is mainly the lack of a proper way to implement EMR. There is privacy right over one’s health information; despite what form is used paper or electronic. Therefore, a crucial factor to consider while analyzing the problem is the requirement of keeping the medical information both private and protected. In order to follow HIPAA guidelines, proper t raining needs to be implemented before data entering the patient’s medical into the system (Rodriguuez, 2011). Additionally, another factor that could potentially cause hindrance in the transition process for medical records is: further sub-diving the workload needed to manually transfer the paper records into EMR such as data entering, compliance monitoring, and administrating. Lastly, implement the best application for EMR that is not only cost efficient but also user friendly as well. In order toShow MoreRelatedThe Dental Clinic At School Of Dental Medicine Within Salk Hall1464 Words   |  6 PagesThis semester, I was assigned to the dental clinic run by the University Of Pittsburgh School Of Dental Medicine within Salk Hall. This site is a very accessible resource that people in every different population can utilize for maintaining their dental healthcare. During my time at this site, I have seen many different patients during screenings and procedures. The school ac cepts patients regardless of race, religion, gender, age, disability, sexual orientation, or ethnic origin. Due to this indiscriminationRead MoreThe At The Durham Children s Aid Society Essay1515 Words   |  7 Pagescommunity, social work, and professional contexts of practice. This summary will highlight how I have met each of these key learning outcomes. Organizational Context of Practice Practicum at Durham CAS commenced with a student orientation which focused on familiarizing students with the agency s mission, services, policies, and procedures. This included a tour of the building during orientation and with my field instructor, reviewing the Durham CAS Code of Ethics, and an introduction to colleaguesRead MoreIn-Patient Care Case Study1270 Words   |  6 Pages During this time clients will be seen regularly in the out-patient clinic at Caura Hospital for clients awaiting in-patient care and at the peripheral clinics for those awaiting admission to out-patient rehabilitation programmes. Aftercare Aftercare is an important component in substance abuse treatment. It involves relapse prevention counselling, individual support, continued education, further enhancing of coping and problem solving skills, improving self-confidence, dealing with urges or cravingsRead MoreA Career in Athletic Training Essay1291 Words   |  6 Pagesyears ago. Injury prevention and diagnosis plays a big role in today’s society. Preventing an injury is important for many athletes all over the world, and for people that are physically active. Preventing injuries can benefit an athlete in the long run. Athletic trainers help athletes and physically active people stay healthy for what they do on a daily basis. Athletic Training plays a big role in the world today. Many people are on the go whether it is for sports or every day activities. AthleticRead MoreCase Study : Arrowhead Regional Medical Center1682 Words   |  7 Pageshas 9 residency programs which are accredited by ACGME and AOA, both are known entities in graduate medical education. Furthermore, Arrowhead Regional Medical Center’s Ambulatory department operates over 40 specialty clinics and 4 family health clinics. Three of the family health clinics are off site located in Fontana, Rialto and San Bernardino. ARMC covers about 98% of Medi-Cal patients through the coverage plan of IEHP and Molina. Mission: To provide quality health care to the community. 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Nurses must be able to communicate directly with patients who are scared and also be able to keep them clam. The working environment pediatric nurses work in is doctor’s offices, clinics, hospitals and some surgical centers. Their highRead MoreLegal Obligations And Ethical Conduct2129 Words   |  9 Pagessupporting guidance are vital for veterinary staff in their careers and for RCVS regulation of the profession (RCVS, 2014). Every so often, the professional responsibilities in the Code may conflict with each other and veterinary staff may be given a problem (RCVS, 2014). Within these situations, veterinary staff should be able to balance the professional responsibilities, having concerned the welfare of the animal first (RCVS, 2014). Veterinary staffs seek out to guarantee the health and welfare ofRead MoreThe Blood Test For Diabetes Essay1275 Words   |  6 Pagesblood analyzer. Using a drop of blood from a finger prick, this device can run five tests, including the HbA1C, which is used to diagnose diabetes and is usually done in a lab using blood drawn from a vein. This product is not only for educated people who have complete access to doctor but to reach the under-diagnosed poor, the device is available with android and IOS app for smartphones that can be used by doctors, clinics and government hospitals. The test reports from the patient are aggregatedRead MoreLanguage Barriers for Non-Speaking Citizens1061 Words   |  5 Pagesknowing another language. In Albany, Georgia, they are trying to pass a law that students no longer have Spanish classes in schools and parents need to hire a tutor to come in to their home and teach the child a foreign language. Learning English will benefit a child not knowing the language and prevent barriers as an adult. Since the first amendment is freedom of speech, why do so many non-English speaking citizens run into barriers in the judicial systems? A citizen cannot explain an emergency to

Characteristics of Criminal Offenders - 810 Words

Characteristics of Offenders One of many studies that gave way to the argument that criminal behaviors can be passed down throughout generations was performed by Henry Herbert Goddard’s (The Kallikak Family: A Study in the Heredity of Feeble-Mindedness) a psychologist who study the mental retardation (Forman, J., 1985). Goddard study 1912 reportedly proved that intelligence was hereditary of Feeble-Mindedness. He believed that if ones lack of ability to make sound decisions for oneself; having a mental deficiency is often an inherited trait (Forman, J., 1985). Richard L. Dugdale was another pioneer of the finding of were characteristics of offenders who commit crimes derive from. Dugdale research was based off the earlier research done by Dr. Elisha Harris, called â€Å"Margaret.† Dugdale and Harris both believed that â€Å"eugenic thinking in a formula that linked heredity to social, moral, and mental failings and added the implication that bad heredity had been earned by the iniquity of past gen erations†. Meaning that they believed that a person environment can be they primary reasoning for participating in criminal acts. Explanations of criminal behaviors article states that â€Å"contemporary researchers have searched for support for the genetic transmission of crime by studying criminal families, and the possibility that criminal tendencies are inherited† (Explanations of criminal behaviors (n.d). Researcher have often been criticized for their lack of significant evidence toShow MoreRelatedCriminal Profiling : An Investigative Tool1359 Words   |  6 Pagesforces such as the FBI and the police use criminal profiling as an investigative tool aimed at helping them identify or predict characteristics of criminals who are not yet identified. Criminal profiling as an investigation tool allows investigators to compile and establish the right description of the criminal implicated. Investigators can also use geographical profiling to establish the location of th e criminal. The criminal profiling procedure is used by detectives to satisfy certain needs inRead MoreExamining The Literature On Offender Profiling1597 Words   |  7 Pagessociety in for criminal behaviour and investigation with television shows such as ‘Underbelly’ which were based on true Australian crime, attracting high ratings from the public. Forensic psychologists conduct Offender Profiling, a forensic procedure which examines the behavioural data provided by witnesses and the crime scene to assist the investigation by predicting the possible characteristics of criminals. This article will examine the literature on Offender profiling Offender profiling developedRead MoreCriminal Law Enforcement Agencies With Solving Cases1678 Words   |  7 PagesFor years criminal profilers within the FBI have assisted law enforcement agencies with solving cases. Criminal profilers identify criminal characteristics based on an examination of the crime scene, evidence, the nature of the crime, and the victim. According to Brent Turvey, in his book, Criminal Profiling: An Introduction to Behavioral Evidence Analysis, the criminal profile is a report that includes probable psychological, geographical, physical, relational, or social characteristics of the offenderRead MoreThe Crime Of Juvenile Offenders1256 Words   |  6 Pagesmuch higher rates in the 2000’s) that portions of juvenile offenders commit most of the chronic, and violent, crimes of juvenile offenders. In a study conducted by Philadelphia birth cohort (Figlio, Wolfgang, Sellin, 1972) found that these â€Å"chronic offenders† (including having five or mo re police contact activities) in whole, constituted six percent of the cohort, and a rising figure of 18 percent of all delinquents. The juvenile offenders were again responsible for the rising of 64 percent of allRead MorePsychological Motive For Committing Stranger Rape Essay1669 Words   |  7 Pagescategorized 85 sexual murder offenders. This model can be used to later create criminal profiles depending on the behaviors exhibited at the crime scene. Behaviors, such as control behaviors, have been found to be significant predictors of offender characteristics. Goodwill and Alison (2007) wanted examined how planning and sexual aggression in stranger rape cases predict offender characteristics, specifically the offender’s age. Previous studies have found that violent sexual offenders are younger than non-violentRead MoreThe Importance of Criminal Justice1617 Words   |  7 PagesThe Use of Criminal Profiling Criminal Profiling is a method of identifying the perpetrator of a crime based on an analysis of the nature of the offense and the manner in which it was committed. It most notably can be traced back to work done in the later part of the last century, and possibly even earlier in a variety of forms. There has been a definite growth since this early work, with many individuals doing a great deal of both research and practical work in criminal profiling. The investigativeRead MoreThe Crime Of Crime And Crime1180 Words   |  5 Pagesthey handle crime and deal with criminals. When a crime takes place, the part that fascinates people the most is how the offender is captured and brought to justice (Nathan, 2005, p 29-34). Nowadays, nearly all serious crimes are solved with the help of one or more police investigators, police officers, witness testimonies, and the help of psychological profilers and forensics. Science has great contributions in the detection of crime and controlling criminals. The advancement in DNA identificationRead MoreCriminal Profiling: Does it Really Work? Essay1468 Words   |  6 PagesCriminal profiling has become a very popular and controversial topic. Profiling is used in many different ways to identify a suspect or offender in a criminal investigation. â€Å"Criminal profiling is the process of using behavioral and scientific evidence left at a crime scene to make inferences about the offender, including inferences about personality characteristics and psychopathology† (Torres, Boccaccini, Miller, 2006, p. 51). â€Å"The science of profiling rests on two foundation blocks, basic forensicRead MoreRace, Gender, And Age Of Criminal Sentencing : The Punishment Cost Of Being Young, Black,1430 Words   |  6 PagesStemming back from how a person was raised to what type of social situations they have been immersed in can result in some sort of discrimination or bias. Three physical characteristics are often times the root cause of most discrimination, race, gender, and age. In a research paper titled â€Å"The Interaction of Race, Gender, and Age in Criminal Sentencing: The Punishment Cost of Being Young, Black, and Male† three university researchers ask a series of question to determine if race, gender, and age have anRead MoreRoutine Activity And Situational Crime Prevention Theory1082 Words   |  5 Pagesbe present including: a motivated offender, an accessible target, and the absence of a capable guardian against a violation. Marcus Felson and Lawrence E. Cohen introduced the routine activity theory in 1979, where they believed that an individual who has these three characteristics gives them a greater possibility of committing a crime. Moreover, situational crime prevention is known as strategies of ways for preventing or reducing the opportunities for criminals to commit crimes that derive from

Net Present Value (NPV) Definition and Meaning

Question: Describe about the Net Present Value (NPV) of Definition and Meaning? Answer: WACC WACC is a computation of a company's cost of capital in which every class of capital is proportionately weighted. All capital sources - common stock, bonds and some other long term obligation - are incorporated in a WACC computation. All else break even with, the WACC of a firm increments as the beta and rate of return on equity increments, as an increment in WACC noticed a lessening in valuation and a higher risk. CAPM can be used to estimate the cost of equity which is a part of WACC. Ke 0.15 Kd 0.07 WACC 0.096 Where Ke is the cost of equity and Kd is the cost of debt after tax. Net Present Value Using the NPV technique, one would discount all the relevant cash flows in the given scenario using the WACC of the company. The rule that applies is to accept any project that has a positive NPV or the project with greater NPV as compared to others. (BusinessDictionary.com, 2015) One of the advantages of using NPV is that it takes account of time value of money and it also incorporates the risk factor while assessing an project however it doesnt predict how long the project will take to recover the investment, Internal Rate of Return The discounted cash flow rate of return, or internal rate of return, provides analysts a way to determine the rate of return provided by the investment. Generally speaking, IRR is the rate at which NPV of the given project is equal to zero. The higher the better. One of the main issues of using IRR method is that it sometimes provides multiple rates which may confuse the users. (Kinney, Prather-Kinsey and Raiborn, 2006) Payback Period Payback period allows to estimate how long the project will take to recover the investment. One of the main advantages is that it allows for an easy interpretation by stakeholders of the company when the investment will be recovered. However it fails to incorporate time value of money. (McAllister, 2005) 0 1 2 3 4 investment -900000 Sale 5670000 5953500 6251175 6563733.75 Variable cost -2970000 -3118500 -3274425 -3438146.25 depreciation -237500 -237500 -237500 -237500 fixed cost -2000000 -2000000 -2000000 -2000000 Profit 462500 597500 739250 888087.5 tax -185000 -239000 -295700 -355235 depreciation add back 237500 237500 237500 237500 operating cash flows 515000 596000 681050 770352.5 working capital -100000 100000 Salvage value 50000 Net cash flows -1000000 515000 596000 681050 920352.5 NPV $1,121,200.52 IRR 49% MIRR 32% Payback 1.813 Considering all factors such as positive NPV, high IRR and low Payback period, project is acceptable. selling price NPV 1.9 11102.1873 2 566151.353 2.1 1121200.52 2.2 1676249.68 2.3 2231298.85 Project still provides positive NPV regardless of above changes in selling process. References: BusinessDictionary.com,. (2015).What is net present value (NPV)? definition and meaning. Retrieved 29 March 2015, from https://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/net-present-value-NPV Kinney, M., Prather-Kinsey, J., Raiborn, C. (2006).Cost accounting. Mason, Ohio.: Thomson/South-Western. McAllister, E. (2005).Pipeline rules of thumb handbook. Amsterdam: Elsevier.

Mnc Staffing Practices Essay Example

Mnc Staffing Practices Essay The three issues I will discuss is the pay differences between Asians and whites, and other minorities, how they exclude others from attending meetings by conducting them In Japanese and how they are using stereotypes to refrain from holing Americans. Compensation is one of the most complex areas of international human resource management. Pay systems must conform to local laws and customs for employee compensation while also fitting into global NC policies (Hailed, 2002, Para. ). It would only be fair to pay those with similar position the same pay rate. In addition to the compensation problems how they conduct their meetings were wrong. It states In this case that weekly meetings were conducted In Japanese, effectively excluding non-Japanese-speaking employees (Vance, 2006, peg 170). This clearly means that their intent was to exclude them from being a part of important matters and making them feel as if they didnt belong even though they were executives who supposed to be included in those meetings. Marianne America also used stereotypes as a reason to not staff certain individuals. For Instance, In an email the vice president stated, l want a person who has aggressiveness, high I. Q, 23 to 30 yr old, Asian, Like Chinese, Japanese, of course American or others Is fine. In this one sentence they discriminated in two ways. The first is discrimination based on age and the second is discrimination against ethnic group and national origin. Basically he wanted a specific type of person. Macs needs to follow the employment laws of the united States because if they are allowed to operate here they should be subjected to the same polices other corporations have to follow. We will write a custom essay sample on Mnc Staffing Practices specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Mnc Staffing Practices specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Mnc Staffing Practices specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Discriminating against people from different ethnic backgrounds and national origins is wrong in all cultures and it shouldnt be tolerated. In addition, there should be penalties for violating U. S. Employment laws.

Free Essays on Three Strikes Law

The Three Strikes Law is Lost in a Dessert The ‘three strikes’ law has proven to be inadequate. It requires a huge amount of money to keep it in effect, while it mostly strikes non-violent criminals and causes early release of hard-core criminals. Thus, the law is ineffective when it comes to controlling the rates of real criminals or decreasing the rise of violence. The ‘three strikes’ law more often accrues for a minor felony. People go to prison for much less. Often there is no violent crime at all and they are struck out. The statistics have shown that more than half of the ‘three strikes’ offenders are non-violent criminals that have been taken for only theft and drug or tobacco use. Putting them in jail for life takes room for real offenders. With limited prison space, many violent felons who have only been convicted once or twice are being let out to make room for many non-violent three strikers. Letting out more serious and violent offenders for non-violent offenders increases the cost to society, since they are more likely to commit more violent and serious felonies than the non-violent three strikers. Thus, the law is inappropriate by engendering an influx of prisoners to an already overflowing prison system and an unbearable financial burden. The ‘three strikes’ law requires millions from taxpayers’ money to keep it in effect. Millions of dollars are spend to care and house prisoners. â€Å"Each prisoner serving a 25-to-life sentence cost the state about $500,000 over his or her lifetime. The annual cost of housing 29,000 non-violent second- or third-strikers is $632 million.† ( Los Angeles Times ). While, one third of the prisoners jammed into prison are those who are sentencing second- or third strike. The public is not really as concerned about minor felonies or even residential burglaries as it is about truly violent crimes. It does not want to pay for keeping non-violent criminals ... Free Essays on Three Strikes Law Free Essays on Three Strikes Law The Three Strikes Law is Lost in a Dessert The ‘three strikes’ law has proven to be inadequate. It requires a huge amount of money to keep it in effect, while it mostly strikes non-violent criminals and causes early release of hard-core criminals. Thus, the law is ineffective when it comes to controlling the rates of real criminals or decreasing the rise of violence. The ‘three strikes’ law more often accrues for a minor felony. People go to prison for much less. Often there is no violent crime at all and they are struck out. The statistics have shown that more than half of the ‘three strikes’ offenders are non-violent criminals that have been taken for only theft and drug or tobacco use. Putting them in jail for life takes room for real offenders. With limited prison space, many violent felons who have only been convicted once or twice are being let out to make room for many non-violent three strikers. Letting out more serious and violent offenders for non-violent offenders increases the cost to society, since they are more likely to commit more violent and serious felonies than the non-violent three strikers. Thus, the law is inappropriate by engendering an influx of prisoners to an already overflowing prison system and an unbearable financial burden. The ‘three strikes’ law requires millions from taxpayers’ money to keep it in effect. Millions of dollars are spend to care and house prisoners. â€Å"Each prisoner serving a 25-to-life sentence cost the state about $500,000 over his or her lifetime. The annual cost of housing 29,000 non-violent second- or third-strikers is $632 million.† ( Los Angeles Times ). While, one third of the prisoners jammed into prison are those who are sentencing second- or third strike. The public is not really as concerned about minor felonies or even residential burglaries as it is about truly violent crimes. It does not want to pay for keeping non-violent criminals ...

Pronouncing the Decimal Comma in Spanish

Pronouncing the Decimal Comma in Spanish Its pretty much as you might have guessed: In casual usage, you can pretty much follow the convention of English, except that instead of saying something like three point two five, you can use the Spanish word for comma, which is coma: tres coma dos cinco. International Standard of Using Decimal Commas The international standard is to use a comma in numerals where English would use a decimal point. But the Royal Spanish Academy does recognize use of the decimal point (or period) when used by Spanish-speaking people in English-language countries, and in those parts of Latin America (such as Mexico) where English-language influence has led to use of the decimal point. In those areas, 3.25 can be pronounced as tres punto dos cinco. A more formal way of pronouncing the same number, and one that doesnt depend on how it is written, is tres enteros y veinticinco centà ©simos (the y is often omitted), the equivalent of three and twenty-five hundredths. (Entero is used to refer to whole numbers.) Youll hear some speakers use cà ©ntimos instead of centà ©simos to refer to hundredths in this context. The number could be rounded down to 3,2 (or 3.2 in parts of Latin America), which would be tres coma dos or tres enteros y dos dà ©cimos (three and two-tenths).

Feminist Analysis of TV Show 30 Rock Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Feminist Analysis of TV Show 30 Rock - Essay Example This factor threatens male egocentricity. Feminine perceptions are more humanistic. This is manifested in the show 30 Rock and its popularity. Feminists with Marxist perceptions would place emphasis on the manner in which the social systems and motivations of capital gain have hindered the humane feminist values from coming to light. Feminists with a radical perspective would conclude that the subduction of this feminist approach is a result of male egocentricity. This is also due to society's insistence of sexual orientation, rather than making allowances for individual freedom of choice. There is also the insistence of the perception of the consumption oriented nuclear family. Feminists who maintain a liberal perspective perceive things in a different light ( Kaplan : 252). The feminine perspective is essential to the male dominated society as demonstrated by the relationship between Liz (Tina Fey) and Jack (Alex Baldwin). There exists the possibility of interchanging sexual identi ties. In order to totally become human, different perspectives must be adapted. The American television series 30 Rock, demonstrates the interchange of roles between masculine and feminine genders. Prior to the 1990s, during the era of 1963- 1980, females were only portrayed as sexual objects or for the fulfillment of masculine needs. The sexual objects and need fillers were put into place in order to fulfill the masculine requirements and desires. This resulted in the feminist desire to eradicate this type of subduction (Kaplan : 253). There are three categories of feminist, each with a specific motivation and objective ( Kaplan :252). The feminist perspectives which were popularized in the 1990s are still popular today. The first category of feminist evaluation and research requires that the members of the female gender be treated as peers. This venue has two possible outcomes. One approach may conclude with domesticated feminism. This is representative of feminine roles of the ni neteenth century. The second possible outcome of this venue is a liberal female female perspective, which is more representative of the present. From my feminist perspective, Liz (Tina Fey) is the embodiment of both. In the liberal feminine perspective, females are allowed to vie within the institutional framework for equal rights to employment and self determination. This requires that the female be perceived as a peer. This perception by society includes the rights and obligations of equal treatment. This perspective has resulted in the American male adopting the roles in the household which would be normally classified as feminine such as cooking, cleaning, babysitting (Kaplan: 254). A primary type of feminine role perception exists in Diana Meehan's Ladies of the Evening: Woman Characters in Prime Time Television. The second category of feminine television production is viewed by the â€Å"pre- Althusserian Marxist† feminist perspective. This perspective perceives televis ion as an extension of capitalist society. These theorist propose that television interests are founded upon the manipulation of the television viewer as a consumer Kaplan: 257). A third category of feminist evaluation arises from the radical feminist perspective. In this perspective, the female gender is perceived as superior. Liz (Tina Fey) perceives herself as superior, she does not need a relationship with a man. Liz (Tina Fey) can get things done by herself.

Male and Female Sexual Images and Portrayals Essay

Male and Female Sexual Images and Portrayals - Essay Example This "Male and Female Sexual Images and Portrayals" essay outlines the usage of sexuality of both genders in advertisement. The whole point of sexually idolizing the males and females in advertisement is for subliminal advertisement purpose where the sexual image is unconscious in an individual’s mind but it drives them to purchase the product being advertised in future or as soon as one sees the advertisement. The consumers purchase in order to look like the sexy male or female in the advertisement or intend to get such a sexy male or female as a companion once they have the product. This subliminal advertising is common in beauty products or other products such as cars. The sexual idolization of male and female in advertising is not bound to end soon. According to advertisers, the trend in fact is headed towards more â€Å"steamy† sexual idolization and this has already begun in some magazines. Some of the gender exclusive magazines such as playboy have product advertisements with completely nude photographs of models or celebrities. These images are meant to induce sexual fantasies to the target population driving them to purchase the products in large numbers, remain faithful to the brand and even advertise the products to their friends and colleagues through the word of mouth and by showing them the magazine photos. There is increased cut throat competition in each industry with each company trying to assign itself a position by outdoing each other and this is where innovative, creative and sexualized advertisements comes in.

Personality Assessments Essay Example for Free

Personality Assessments Essay Psychologists use the method of personality assessments to test personalities. Testing personalities is much like testing intelligence and because it measures something that is intangible and invisible it can be quite the difficult task. There are different theories of personalities and different methods of assessing those personalities; however some methods of assessment are shared between theories. The four theories are psychodynamic, humanistic, trait and social learning and all have different roots. The methods of assessment are projective tests, personal interview, objective tests, and direct observations. The projective tests consist of simple ambiguous stimuli that can elicit an unlimited number of responses. The personal interview is used to obtain information from the person being interviewed and can be structured or unstructured. An objective test is generally a written test that is administered and scored according to a standard procedure. Usually the tests require simple yes or no responses or for one answer among many to be chosen and are widely used. Direct observation observes a person’s actions in everyday situations over a long period. To assess the psychodynamic theory the methods of projective tests and personal interviews is used. To assess the humanistic theory objective tests and personal interview are used. To assess the trait theory objective tests are used. Social learning theory is assessed with the use of interviews, objective tests and observations. Direct observation observes a person’s actions in everyday situations over a long period. To assess the psychodynamic theory the methods of projective tests and personal interviews is used. To assess the humanistic theory objective tests and personal interview are used. To assess the trait theory objective tests are used. Social learning theory is assessed with the use of interviews, objective tests and observations.

Essay --

The Juvenile Justices System: How Does It Really Work For Our Girls? Girls become delinquent for many different reasons then boys based on biological, social and cultural differences in each gender. From hormones and brain development, to the child’s upbringing by families, to the way girls are expected to act in public compared to boys; a different set of circumstances exists for the reasons why girls become delinquent compared to boys. Siegel, (2007, p.174) explains this by stating. â€Å"There are indications that gender differences in socialization and development do exist and that they may have an effect on juvenile offending patterns.† Girls react differently to most situations, so it’s important to take gender into consideration when evaluating a youth’s past. For example, peer and romantic relationships often have opposite effects on young girls and boys. While boys are less likely to be involved in criminal activity when in a romantic relationship, girls tend to commit more offenses. Girls are also more likely to be afflicted with mental health disorders than boys, because of the numerous differences between male and female juvenile offenders, the ways that they need to be treated should be different as well. According to a study done by the Girls Justice Initiative, 89% of the 118 attorneys and 61% of the 97 judges interviewed across the county agree that girls in the juvenile justice system do not receive adequate services. This report offers best practices starting from how to communicate with girls when first enter to the juvenile justice system to how to best serve them after they leave in ord er to reduce recidivism rates and address the circumstances that led to their incarceration. (Bolton, 2012) Boys an... ... family time, have an open and honest communication line and never be afraid or embarrassed to seek out aid from professionals in your school, community and neighborhood. By doing some of these little things, you prevent the negative socialization that can lead to deviant behavior, at the same time you will model good behavior and keep those biological and psychological factors at bay so that you have time to deal with issues before they become real problems. As the current information exists, both boys and girls are racing towards delinquency faster and faster and though it may be a tie between the genders, the girls may be pulling in front of the boys. In any event, there are way too many participants in the race and we as parents and members of society need to help in reducing the number of racers in the sprint towards juvenile hall and ultimately adult prison. Essay -- The Juvenile Justices System: How Does It Really Work For Our Girls? Girls become delinquent for many different reasons then boys based on biological, social and cultural differences in each gender. From hormones and brain development, to the child’s upbringing by families, to the way girls are expected to act in public compared to boys; a different set of circumstances exists for the reasons why girls become delinquent compared to boys. Siegel, (2007, p.174) explains this by stating. â€Å"There are indications that gender differences in socialization and development do exist and that they may have an effect on juvenile offending patterns.† Girls react differently to most situations, so it’s important to take gender into consideration when evaluating a youth’s past. For example, peer and romantic relationships often have opposite effects on young girls and boys. While boys are less likely to be involved in criminal activity when in a romantic relationship, girls tend to commit more offenses. Girls are also more likely to be afflicted with mental health disorders than boys, because of the numerous differences between male and female juvenile offenders, the ways that they need to be treated should be different as well. According to a study done by the Girls Justice Initiative, 89% of the 118 attorneys and 61% of the 97 judges interviewed across the county agree that girls in the juvenile justice system do not receive adequate services. This report offers best practices starting from how to communicate with girls when first enter to the juvenile justice system to how to best serve them after they leave in ord er to reduce recidivism rates and address the circumstances that led to their incarceration. (Bolton, 2012) Boys an... ... family time, have an open and honest communication line and never be afraid or embarrassed to seek out aid from professionals in your school, community and neighborhood. By doing some of these little things, you prevent the negative socialization that can lead to deviant behavior, at the same time you will model good behavior and keep those biological and psychological factors at bay so that you have time to deal with issues before they become real problems. As the current information exists, both boys and girls are racing towards delinquency faster and faster and though it may be a tie between the genders, the girls may be pulling in front of the boys. In any event, there are way too many participants in the race and we as parents and members of society need to help in reducing the number of racers in the sprint towards juvenile hall and ultimately adult prison.

Brand Analysis †Louis Vuitton Essay

User Image Consumers are stylish, fashionable, aware of designer’s brands and look for quality and after sales services. Most of the users are mature (25+), female, working population with stable financial background. There is an increasing number of young LV users, who are fashionable trend-followers. LV users are usually less price-concerned. LV products are frequently used by the rich and famous, celebrities, models all over the world. Occasion Image LV produces series of leather goods for the business world, including briefcases, organizers, palm-cases†¦ all could be easily found in business meetings and offices. LV luggage could be found in Airport all over the world. Personal accessories like handbags, wallets, shoes, and clothing by LV are used by the celebrities in fashion shows, PR events, social gatherings†¦. Distinctive from Competitors The Competition In the challenging luxury market, LV faces quite a number of competitors. Hermes, Chanel, Gucci, Ferragamo and Prada are main competitors of LV. Just like LV, all of these international brands have their outlets around the world. Positioning We are living in an age of access to an incredible amount of product, consumers are no longer brand loyal to companies, and they want to know how the product will benefit them. To satisfy the potential customers, LV is promoting its image that provides consumers with added benefits on top of the practical use of its products. A person purchase a piece of the Louis Vuitton luggage, he is not only purchasing a piece of luggage, but prestige and style. Consumers buy LV luggage not just because they need luggage, but they want people to think that they are wealthy and stylish because this is the perception that Louis Vuitton sells with its luggage. It works because LV advertises its luggage as an exclusive line, not everyone can have it. To stand out from its competitors, LV positions itself as the leader for luxurious luggage. This could be seen in the advertising in magazines LV uses to communicate with their customers. And in the LV web page, a â€Å"Guide for the cosmopolitan traveler† is included, offering useful information to help prepare for international trips. Travelers can check out time differences, currency conversion tables, clothes sizes and measurement conversion charts, as well as useful addresses in the world’s major cities. Authenticity LV’s strength is the worldwide known good service to customer, its good quality for value and new designs. LV’s products safety exceed the requirements globally. Replicability A lot of the LV products are illegally replicated, but due to the unique canvas used for production; none of the fakes could achieve the quality and standard of the originals. Reassurance After using LV products, consumers are reassured of the good quality and value-for-money as promised by the advertising and promotions. Experience & Differentiation Consumers use and experience LV products, feel the difference between LV and other brands, lead to the differentiation of LV from the competitors. Consumer To the Louis Vuitton consumers, a LV handbag isn’t just a handbag, it’s a Louis Vuitton. Consumers will generally pay more for the LV name brand because it signifies some extra quality besides a handbag. LV products are appealed to people who would like themselves to be stylish,  and want others to think that they are fashionable, they want to differentiate their tastes from others and try to do so by purchasing LV products. Consumers were not looking so much to buy the non-brand products as everyone else. Instead, they looked to brands to help make a clear statement about their own identities. Consumers buy LV products are not just looking for quality and after sales services, they want people to think that they are wealthy because they can afford a pair of luxurious Louis Vuitton shoes. Suggestions More Distinctive from the Competition Louis Vuitton was very successful with consumers. It benefited from strong local in Japan, Europe and the US. This continued demand is due to the new products created by designer Marc Jacobs and the sustained quality of all Louis Vuitton products. To be more distinctive from the competition, Louis Vuitton may consider concentrating its business model to production of leather goods only. As most of the competitors are doing many business other than only leather goods. If LV could concentrate on leather goods production alone, it could become not just the leader, but the specialist of producing different leather goods. More Appealing to Consumers Branding and Lifestyle advertising is becoming increasingly popular because advertisers are trying to revive the idea of brand loyalty. To make LV more appealing to the consumers, here is also the idea: to make some products of the brand available only in small quantities, by limiting its production of certain products from time to time, or producing special edition of the same handbag in different markets, LV products could become  even more premium. This can satisfy the consumers who want to differentiate themselves from other LV users. LV could even create a trend for collection of limited edition LV products by the consumers.

Labeling and Discrimination Essay

Theory is the criminal process. It is the way people and actions are defined as criminal. The one definite thing that all â€Å"criminals† share is the negative social reaction as being labeled as ‘bad†. Law-abiding society often shuns the offender causing them to be stigmatized and stereotyped. The negative label applied to an offender often shapes their self-image and often leads them to live up to their newfound identity by committing acts that are more criminal. Edwin Lemert described this as being secondary deviance caused by primary deviance. The self-concept identifies two major theoretical perspectives. The first concept being that deviant labeling may subsequently influence deviance by altering a person’s self-worth. The role of self-dynamics and symbolic reaction amplifies negative expectations of society. The second concept focuses on social structure aspects of exclusion of offender’s by blocked access to structural opportunities. Matsudo, 1992) This ultimately becomes discrimination for people labeled by society as â€Å"criminals†. â€Å"Felon† is a label that is given to ex-offenders by society that confirms the degrading status that accompanies conviction. This is labeling. An offender is discriminated against because society views them as being â€Å"bad†. In short, a â€Å"felon† is a legal outlaw and social outcast. Not all the good that a person may have done previously suddenly matte rs and society assumes that there is nothing but despicable traits left in this person’s character. Their integrity is lost forever. Society assumes that â€Å"felons† cannot change and it becomes a struggle to be given a second chance to prove that people can, and do change, if the will to do so is there coupled with the tools needed to achieve a crime free life are also. The stigma attached to â€Å"felons† is so great that most opportunities for education, employment, and housing are not easy to obtain. These opportunities (tools) are often blocked because the offender has a criminal conviction. If society wants a lower crime rate then it seems that these opportunities should be available to individuals in this category. In order to rehabilitate individuals there must be a way for them to raise their self-image and seek out a crime free life. A sense of self-pride and achievement for many offenders could be the turning point in life needed for them. In turn, the crime rate would decrease. (Bodwitch, 1993, Freeman, 1991, Hagan, 1991, Link, 1982, Sullivan, 1989) These peoples are no less human or equal than any other except that they have made a mistake. Our society has somehow decided it to be acceptable to treat this group of people, and there are more than two million in the United States, as outcasts, undeserving of housing, employment, or education. Society has decided that â€Å"felons† should not only serve the sentence given as punishment for their crime, they should be punished for the rest of their lives. This seems very unfair and cruel. In my opinion, we as a nation should be not be discriminating against this group of people, but instead should be giving them equal opportunity to be educated so that they can obtain employment to support themselves and their families. They should have the same opportunity to live in adequate housing just as the rest of society does. This would be a step in the right direction to help increase the self- image that has been shattered by labeling and possibly deter any behavior by responding to this labeling by continued criminal activity as a means of defense, adaptation, or by attacking back at society. (Bernberg) Education is the first step to rehabilitating an offender. Many offenders do not even have a high school education. Some cannot read or write. In order to obtain gainful employment sufficient to support one’s self or a family, they must have at least a basic education. If not, some form of crime will be used to compensate for the lack of income provided by employment. In order to be employed by any company you must have a high school diploma or a GED certificate. Denying education is a form of discrimination to suppress a group of people from gainful employment. Employment is one of the hardest things for an offender to obtain. Employment applications ask for any convictions to be listed. If an offense is not listed on the application, it can be a reason for termination. Anyone that does choose not to disclose their convictions runs the risk of losing benefits from years of employment such as their retirement benefits and/or medical coverage. More often than not, if an offense is listed on the application it will be a disqualifying factor for consideration of the position. Even if the offense does not disqualify the applicant the mere fact that there are so many people looking for work that the applicant without any previous convictions will probably be placed ahead on the qualifying list for employment. Most employers view a â€Å"felon† just as the rest of society does. They do not want a person of this character working for them because they may view them as being dishonest, or they might even be frightened of the â€Å"felon†. This practice of asking for convictions on employment applications is also a form of discrimination. It greatly reduces the possibility of gainful employment for â€Å"criminals† by asking for this information. The past convictions of a person does not have any bearing on whether or not they are the best qualified applicant for the position offered by a company. If any person is denied employment and has no way to support himself or his family, that person will ultimately turn to some form of crime in order to do so. The offender will adapt and live up to societies expectations of them. If this type of discrimination stops, there is a possibility that more offenders will conform to the expectations of society and rehabilitate into productive citizens, thus, decreasing crime in our communities. Another area of discrimination for offenders is the housing market. Society does not want anyone with a â€Å"criminal† past living in their community among them. An offender can have a conviction that is over twenty years old and still be denied housing in many communities such as mobile home parks, apartment complexes s, private rentals, and even from some home loans. Some communities will not allow anyone with any type of criminal history to live there. A person could have had their offenses dismissed by the court and still be denied because of the accusation alone. Many of the government programs offered to help low-income people are not available to anyone with a felony. A â€Å"felon† is automatically disqualified from receiving any help from government programs. Offender’s often end up living in communities that are offered by â€Å"slum lords† in areas that have a bigger crime rate than in other areas. This practice of discrimination could lead to offenders falling back into committing criminal acts because other criminals surround them, thus, reinforcing a negative self-image possibly leading to a return to criminal activities. If society continues to accept the criminology theory it will continue to cause social problems for both the community and the offender†. Labeling is a stepping stone in the development of criminal careers. †(Benrburg) This social problem ruins people’s lives and creates a pattern of recidivism. The goal of society should be to try to find ways to decrease crime, not condone p ractices that will potentially increase crime. Everyone deserves a second chance in life to correct the mistakes that have made. If society was as quick to give a second chance, as it is to label and condemn someone for their mistakes, we could possibly rehabilitate a good number of offenders into productive citizens. Our nation could even possibly decrease the crime rate at the same time. None of the other practices of the criminal justice system seems to be working very well, maybe an approach of removing the barriers blocking education, employment, and housing might make a positive difference.

The Alchemist Essays

The Alchemist Essays The Alchemist Paper The Alchemist Paper Love in Time of Cholera by Gabriel Garcia Marquez and The Alchemist by Paulo Coelho. Magical realism in other words, is combination of magic and existent events written in a book. Alchemy is also a combination of magic, and science which main goal is to convert less valuable metals to gold or silver. By definition, alchemy is a way of studying and experimenting with matter that includes elements of chemistry, philosophy, and spirituality. Before the development of modern chemistry, alchemists tried to understand the changes they saw in metals and other materials that were exposed to fire and acids. People today still practice alchemy, but modern alchemists primarily seek spiritual transformation, and base their studies on philosophy. †(1) The process of trying to make gold or silver out of cheaper metals is called transmutation. This process was practiced by almost one-hundred percent of all alchemists ever known in history. Alchemists and metal-smiths used similar techniques as well, but alchemists often saw themselves as trying to speed up or perfect the work ings of nature. Some alchemists searched for the philosophers stone, which they thought could greatly speed up the transmutation process. Many alchemists believed that they could perfect and purify materials only if they themselves were spiritually perfected and purified in the process. Ancient societies in Egypt, India, and China practiced alchemy. Egyptian writers produced a number of written works on alchemy from approximately 200  B. C. to A. D. 200. Scholars in Arab built on these works from the 640’s to about 1200 A. D.. When alchemy reached Europe around 1100 A. D. t grew rapidly, especially in noble courts. At its peak in the 1600’s, a number of famous scientists practiced alchemy, including Robert Boyle of Ireland and the very famous, Isaac Newton of England. In the late 1700’s, many educated people began to ridicule alchemy as pseudoscientific, or falsely claiming scientific merit, and deceptive. Alchemists based their ideas on the ancient Greek belief that matter co nsists of four elements: water, earth, air, and fire. Alchemists also believed that all metals could be reduced to a single type of matter, thus being able to transform into each other. In the 700’s, Arab alchemists thought that the qualities of all metals could be explained through sulfur, a well known element which burns in hot fires, and mercury, a liquid at room temperature that has a metallic shine. In the early 1500s, the Swiss physician Philippus Paracelsus, thought that sulfur, mercury, and salt gave metals their distinctive qualities, thus able to distinguish each and every one of them. Alchemy played a key role in the development of modern day science. The theories of alchemy gave rise to a modern chemical theory and something interesting, or eye catching, to learn about. Modern experimental techniques developed from such alchemical practices as studying nature in a laboratory, observing experiments and keeping records, other wise known as data, and measuring the ingredients and products of chemical reactions. Alchemy plays a huge role in the novel, The Alchemist, in such a way that, in the prologue there is an alchemist that picks up a book that someone in the caravan had brought. He begins to leaf through the pages and finds a story about Narcissus. The alchemist knew the legend of Narcissus, a young child who knelt daily beside a lake to contemplate his own beauty. One morning, he was so fascinated with himself that he fell into the lake and drowned. At that very spot were he fell in a flower grew, which was called the Narcissus. When Narcissus died the goddess of the forest appeared at the lake, she asked the lake if Narcissus was really beautiful. The lake said that it did not know because it was too busy staring into Narcissus’s eyes to view it’s own beauty. The story is what sets up the excitement of the novel. During the novel, a boy named Santiago was having dreams about a hidden treasure, and seeks a gypsy for help. She is the first one Santiago consults about his dream. She is mysterious and yet religious as can be attested by the Sacred Heart of Jesus picture on her wall. She tells Santiago that because it was a child who took his hands in the dream and led him to the pyramids, so he must go. However, before she tells him anything, she makes him promise that he will give her one-tenth if he finds his treasure. Some people who were associated to alchemy were gypsies. Many gypsies were involved in basket making, copper work, and the mending of China ware. The term gypsy has several overlapping meanings. Initially the word was used to refer to the Romani People, who appeared in England at about the beginning of the 16th century. † (3) In the book, the gypsy Santiago encountered, was some what of a fortune teller. She would, or tried to decide someones fate, or destiny. Historical gypsies, or true Romany, tended to go from door to door selling pegs and fortune telling. True Romany fashioned anything from wood and excelled in palmistry and astrology. They also learned to travel the highways and byways from place to place selling products of trade. Another gypsy trait was the involvement in the planets natural gifts. Most gypsies relied on roots, berries, vegetables, green foods and nature’s herbs for medicine. Gypsies believed that all of nature’s products all contained a direct message from the sun. Along with environmental remedies for medicine gypsies use organic materials to make simple spells and rituals which they believe harness the power of nature and the elemental spirits. Though many gypsies perform these spells, most Romany people would profess a belief in an official religion of the country, which is why many are born-again Christians, they try to teach us to take the joy in the moment. Fate is something that unavoidably befalls a person. It is the universal principle or ultimate agency by which the order of things is presumably prescribed. † (2) It is basically something that is out of your hands, something that the lord will only control. By relating different terms that are related to the novel The Alchemist our understanding of the novel should be more clear. Magical realism, alchemy, gypsies, and fate can relate to each other by many different ways. Although they don’t have many themes in common it is possible to transmit the purpose and the relations about them. We don’t really know how the work of fiction is going to end but we hope that all the variety we found in these terms would reflect on the novel. (1) Alchemy. Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. 18 Jan. 2011. Web. 26 Jan. 2011. . (2) Fate. Collins English Dictionary Complete Unabridged 10th Edition. HarperCollins Publishers. 26 Jan. 2011. Web. 26 Jan. 2011. . (3) Gypsy. Dictionary. com Unabridged. Random House, Inc. 26 Jan. 2011. Web. 26 Jan. 2011. . (4) â€Å"Magic Realism. † Alberto Rios Definitions. 23 May. 2002. Web. 26 Jan. 2011.

Education Vocabulary for English Learners

Education Vocabulary for English Learners Learn English vocabulary related to education to use when discussing various subjects at university. Words are categorized into different sections. Youll find example sentences for each word to help provide context for learning.   Subjects Archaeology - Archaeology explores humanities past civilizations.Art - Art can refer to painting or to to arts in general such as music, dancing, etc.Business studies - Many students choose business studies in these times of globalization.Dance - Dance is an elegant art form which uses the body as a brush.Drama - Good drama can move you to tears, as well as hold you in suspense.Economics - The study of economics might be useful for a business degree.Geography - If you study geography, youll know which country is located on any continent.Geology - Id love to know more about geology. Ive always wondered about rocks.history - Some believe that history is much older than we are led to believe.home economics - Home economics will teach you how to run an efficient home on a budget.Foreign (modern) languages - Its important to learn at least one foreign language in your life.Math - Ive always found simple math easy.Mathematics - The study of higher mathematics is required for a computer pro gramming degree. Music - Understanding the biography of great composers is an important part of studying music.Physical education - Children up to the age 16 should be encouraged to participate in physical education classes.Psychology - The study of psychology will help you understand how the mind words.Religious education - Religious education will teach you about the wide variety of religious experiences.Science - Science is an important part of a well-rounded education.Biology - Biology will help you learn how human beings are put together.Chemistry - Chemistry will help you understand how earths elements affect each other.Botany - The study of botany leads to an understanding of different types of plants.Physics - Physics explains how the real world functions.Sociology - If you are interested in understanding different cultures, take a sociology class.Technology - Technology is found in almost every classroom of a typical school. Exams Cheat- Dont ever cheat on a test. Its not worth it!Examine - Its important to examine all the evidence when drawing a conclusion.Examiner - The examiner makes sure nobody at the test cheats.Examination - The examination should last three hours.Fail - Im afraid I might fail the test!Get through - Peter got through to the fourth grade.Pass - Dont worry. Im sure youll pass the test.Take / sit an exam - I had to sit a long exam last week.Retake - Some professors allow students to retake tests if theyve done poorly.Revise for - Its a good idea to revise for any test you take by reviewing your notes.Study for - I need to study for a quiz tomorrow morning.Test - What time is your mathematics test today? Qualifications Certificate - He earned a certificate in computer maintenance.Degree - I have a degree from the Eastman School of Music.BA - (Bachelor of Arts)  She earned her BA from Reed College in Portland, Oregon.MA - (Master of Arts) Peter wants to take an MA in business.B.Sc. - (Bachelor of Science) Jennifer is working on a B.Sc. with a major in biology.M.Sc. - (Bachelor of Science) If you earn a M.Sc. from Stanford, you wont need to worry about getting a job.Ph.D. - (Doctorate Degree) Some people take years to finish a Ph.D.Diploma - You can earn a diploma to add to your qualifications.   People Dean - Alan is the dean of faculty at that school.Graduate - Hes a graduate of the local university.Head-teacher - You should speak to the head teacher.Infant - Some parents put their infants in day-care.Lecturer - The lecturer in law was very boring today.Pupil - Good pupils dont cheat on tests.Student - A good student takes notes during a lecture.Teacher - The teacher will answer any questions you have.Instructor - Hes an instructor of computer science at the high school.Undergraduate - The undergraduate had a great time at college.

Money, Banking, and Financial Markets Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Money, Banking, and Financial Markets - Essay Example In this article, I will analyze the current money neutrality and the creation of reserve without money creation as per the central banking systems. Money neutrality Numerous economics students have been taught the theory of money neutrality and its effect on how people consider the issue of monetary policy. The implications of money neutrality may be summarized as follows: in the long run, the growth of money ought to be neutral in its impact on the production growth rate and ought to affect the inflation rate. The earliest canonical works on the neutrality of money stated the superiority of monetary policy regulations that enabled the participants in the market to envisage the future money supplies. There were no debates in these abstract models for the necessity of an institution like a central bank that may be used to take the actions to apply a policy based on rules (Cecchetti 42). There were also no differences identified between the central bank’s liabilities and money. Theoretically, the gap between the inflation variables and the central bank variables (M1 and M2) are under the transmission mechanism, which is a monetary theory. The Federal Reserve utilizes the open market to withdraw or inject commercial bank reserves. The banks then create money through money multiplier. In a nutshell, banks react to the injection of extra reserves by developing loans that are financed with monetary liabilities like savings deposits and checking (Cecchetti 104). The money multiplier calculates the final adjustment in the supply of money that would be caused by a certain change in the monetary base. Irrespective of the money multiplier value, as long as it is stable, a certain percentage increase in the monetary base would cause a similar percentage increase in money. Therefore, the theory of money multiplier is a brief means of tying a policy rule under the central bank control with inflation and money. Creation of reserve without money The application of the c oncepts of the money multiplier and money neutrality have made a number of Federal Reserve observers argue that the present financial crisis has been caused by the possible result of inflation. For instance, the Financial Times, Martin Feldstein argued that when the economy starts to recuperate, the Federal Reserve will have to lessen the stock money and prevent the high volume of excess reserves in the banks from creating credit and money explosion. The negative money multiplier may be explained by liquidity creation. For instance, from 1981 to 2006, the average credit market assets that the US financial institutions hold have increased by $ 32.3 trillion. Commercial bank reserves that have been held as deposits by the Federal Reserve had reduced by $ 6.5 billion within the same period (Cecchetti 56). In 2006, the total commercial bank reserves in the Federal Reserve were only $18.7 billion. This amount was less than the equivalent amount that was held in banks, in 1951. It is quit e clear that not only have the financial institutions depended on a rise in reserves held at the Federal Reserve to increase credit they have also increased credit by 744 percent as the reserves diminished. Therefore, the subsidiary money multiplier of the augmented bank reserves has been either irrelevant or highly negative. The following figure indicates the

Constructivism in the Classroom Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Constructivism in the Classroom - Essay Example Constructivism has been defined by researchers and educators in numerous ways. With a history that can be traced to the days of Socrates, Constructivism has become an important learning technique for all students. Jacqueline Grennon Brooks in her book Concept to Classroom Interviews (1999) states that ‘as long as there were people asking each other questions, we have had constructivist classrooms. Constructivism, the study of learning, is about how we all make sense of our world, and that really hasn’t changed’. ‘The concept of constructivism has roots in classical antiquity, going back to Socrates’s dialogues with his followers, in which he asked directed questions that led his students to realize for themselves the weaknesses in their thinking. The Socratic dialogue is still an important tool in the way constructivist educators assess their students’ learning and plan new learning experiences†¦ in this century, Jean Piaget and John Dewey developed theories of childhood development and education, what we now call Progressive Education, that led to the evolution of constructivism. According to William J. Matthews, a professor in the School Psychology Program of the School of Education at the University of Massachusetts, ‘there are numerous variations and definitions of post-modernist thought of which constructivism is a subset (e.g. , radical constructivism, social constructivism, and deconstructivism). However, Piagetian constructivism is a subset of a larger historical challenge to modernist notions. of objective reality in general and the use of empirically validated methods of teaching specifically'. As Jacqueline Grennon Brooks and Martin G. Brooks state, 'Constructivism is basically a theory - based on observation and scientific study - about how people learn. It says that people construct their own understanding and knowledge of the world, through experiencing things and reflecting on those experiences. When we encounter something new, we have to reconcile it with our previous ideas and experience, maybe changing what we believe or maybe discarding the new information as irrelevant. In any case, we are active

Color Theraphy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Color Theraphy - Essay Example The employment of primary, warm, or cool colors in color therapy has been a fundamental practice in the treatment of certain disorders (Ashby 92). Notably, the use of color in variant settings influences personal perceptions and responses to an environment. This proves that color is actually an influential factor in a person’s take on things. On the same note, individual differences relative to color are evident and have to be accounted for as far as color therapy is concerned. Color has significant influence on emotions, feelings, thoughts, and behavior (Birren 150). This is because color plays an active role in stimulating the brain. Although this stimulation is oriented towards one way or another depending on one’s personality, the common denominator is that each and every individual has his/her color preferences. Subsequently, these preferences inform the manner in which color therapy would work or fail to work for one individual or the other. As a result, approaches to color therapy vary subject to the stimulation attained by any given

Business Plans For Entrepreneurs

Business Plans For Entrepreneurs Introduction In todays environment, the business plan is the entrepreneurs most important document when setting up a new business. Without the help of a well-designed and well- presented business plan the entrepreneur will find it very difficult to express its business goals or secure financing. Without a business plan, it is almost impossible for someone to take your business idea seriously or even consider investing in it. Because this thesis is about setting up a business plan for the start-up of a new kind of social network, we will first start with an overview about the concept business plan throughout the literature. In this literature study the term business plan is defined as well as the main functions of the business plan followed by an overview of the typical structure of the business plan. Furthermore, a problem discussion on the topic business plan in the literature is displayed. In the next part the main focus will lay on the composition of the financial plan. Subsequently, in the section Location Based Social Network a brief explanation is given about LBSN to give the reader an idea about what the business idea is all about. An entrepreneur willing to start his own enterprise stands before a lot of obstacles. Building up a company does not happen over one night. Theoretical framework Introduction There was a time that entrepreneurs only had to write a letter to propose their business idea and send it to some investors to secure funding. Nowadays, investors are far more demanding and expect a higher level of expertise and preparation from the entrepreneurs they choose to fund. Kleiner (2007), a legendary venture capitalist states that when examining a proposal, investors want to see much more than just a good idea and a bright young man or woman: they want to see a business plan showing that the concept has been thoroughly assessed and that the entrepreneur has carefully thought through the issues for taking the necessary steps of taking the idea and transform it into a successful company.  [1]   The emergence of the business plan The term business plan is a word that found its origin during the Second World War period. Back then it was mostly used to define the long term strategies of big firms. The Business Plan was a highly confidential document and was only exposed to a very limited audience. During the 80s the term business plan became more popular and it was then that the first articles appeared discussing the issues behind the business plan. From that decade on, the term business plan was mainly used to indicate the start-up of new and emerging companies. (Karlsson, 2005)  [2]. This may be the reason that when the term business plan is mentioned the first image that crosses peoples minds is the start-up business, which has not to be especially so because The Ernst and Young Business Guide (1987) points out that even established firms can have formal written business plans to determine or evaluate the accomplishment of business goals. Definition of a Business Plan The literature on the topic business plans is awash with information and offers a lot of definitions.. Essentially these definitions have all the same meanings. Abrams Barrow (2005) define the business plan as a roadmap to the companys targeted destination. Ideally, it enables the entrepreneur to get from the basic business concepts to a healthy, successful business. Barringer (2009) describe it as a written document that carefully explains every internal and external aspects of a new venture (Barringer, 2009, p. 1) The format of the business plan We can distinct three main factors throughout literature from which the BP structure will manly depend. To begin with, the format of the business plan will mainly depend on the purpose for which the BP is elaborated. For instance Barringer (2008) states that a BP established for a start-up company to investigate the feasibility of the venture may somewhat differ from that of a business in expansion that wants to evaluate the accomplishment of the business goals. For example, a start-up firm will not be able to dwell much about the companys history or past successes. Further, Mason and Stark (2004) argue that whether the entrepreneur is pursuing capital from a bank, a business angel or even a venture capitalist, the format of the business plan should be adapted accordingly. So we can conclude that depending on the firms level of development or on what purpose the business plan serves, i.e. to raise capital or for internal purposes, the emphasis on the topics will be different and the format of BP will vary accordingly. Functions of the BP The academic literature provides an abundance of information on the topic: functions of the BP. A single search with GoogleTM Scholar found 2.3 million hits for terms function* AND business plan*. After going through books and relevant literature we can differentiate internal as well external uses for the business plan. External purposes Raising finance: Most of the time when people think about the reason why a business plan is written, the first thing that pops up in their head is to raise money. It is a fact that most lenders or investors will not put money into a business without first seeing the actual business plan self. If the purpose of the bp is indeed to raise finance, its test will be how much interest it can generate from reviewers in as little time as possible and ultimately how much money it can attract from investors. Attracting Human Capital Zetterberg (2004) assigns another interesting external function to the business plan: it can also be used as a tool for attracting human capital. It is not uncommon that a potential employee wants to see the companys business plan before making a decision whether joining or not. Internal purposes It seems very unlikely that the sole purpose of a business plan is only that of a fund raising device. Instead, Abrams and Barrow (2005) argue that the business plan has a lot of intrinsic value. The authors of the Business Plan Guide Plan for start-up companies also support this theorem that while developing the business plan has chance to take advantage of two big opportunities: Marketing plan First of all, it gives the entrepreneur the opportunity to learn about the industry and the market. When writing a business plan the entrepreneur will have to go to the process of writing a marketing plan. This should give the entrepreneur some valuable insights in who the most important competitors are, who will be his main customer, and also facts about the industry like for example, the market restrictions, market size, and so on. Internal planning doc. Secondly it can be used as an internal planning document. Developing a business plan enables the entrepreneur to make the vital business decisions that enable the entrepreneur to focus on his activities and maximize his resources. Immers, while developing the business plan, one will increase the understanding of the many forces that have an impact on your businesss success, which in turn will give a stronger sense of control. Like for example understanding the financial aspects of the business including break-even and cash flow requirements. It is also interesting to note that a business plan can be used within different timeframes. First of all it can be used to determine the Viability of a Future Business Allen et al. (2006) describe the BP as a plan which can be used to develop ideas about how the business should be conducted. According to the authors, the entrepreneurs have, by investigating all the different aspects of the venture, such as finance and marketing,  the chance to make mistakes on paper rather than making them in the real world and refine their strategies accordingly. Determine/Evaluate the Accomplishment of the Business Goals Secondly, Schultz et al. (1987) point out that a business plan can be a retrospective tool, against which a businessperson can assess a companys actual performance over time. For example, the financial part of a business plan can be used as the basis for an operating budget, and can be monitored carefully to see how closely the business is sticking to that budget. In this point of view, the plan should be used as the basis for a new plan. After some time has elapsed, the business plan should be re-examined to see if the company has accomplished its business goals and if necessary needs redirection. To write or not to write a business plan / The relationship between Pre-start-up Formal Business Plans and Post-start-up Performance The opinions on the topic whether a business plan is a useful document or whether it is more a waste of time are not unanimous throughout the literature. Despite a lot of researches that have been conducted within this field, the findings from studies that examined whether there is a relationship between the pre-start-up formal business plan and the post-start-up efficiency of the company are not consistent throughout the literature. The word efficiency in this particular circumstance means that it has not been proved that the Business Plan will help a new venture in succeeding. Some studies claim that they found no relationship between a formal written BP and performance. For example: Does formal business planning enhance the performance of new ventures? (Lumpkin et al. 1998) This study examined the relation between planning and performance among 94 firms of which 54 new entrants. Results suggest that new startup companies who use formal written business plans fail to outperform those who dont. Of course there are a lot more factors outside writing a business plan playing a role in the future success of the firm. Initially raised capital, experience of the entrepreneurs, used business model, the age of the venture, are just a few to be named. Recent studies conducted by Lange et al. (2007) took all these factors into account and examined whether pre-start up business planning affects the subsequent post-start-up performance of the new enterprise. Their dataset contained 116 Babson College alums graduated between 1985 and 2003 that started a new business since graduating. From the results of the study it appeared that there is no difference in performance between new ventures that started with a written business plan and those who chose not to write one. Of course one could argue that the studied dataset has a few limitations. First of all the dataset only comprises ventures started by Babson College which is somewhat limited and will compromise the external validity. It will be difficult to generalize the findings of this study to the rest of the start-up ventures in business world. However, there are benefits at this bounded dataset: the respondents have similar educations. This will limit and take into account the influence from the independent variable, education. On the other hand the taken sample frame is randomized and longitudinal which will benefit the internal validity. This means that the research design allows to formulate a correct answer to the proposed hypothesis. From their findings Lange et al.(2007) suggest that unless a would-be entrepreneur needs to raise substantial start-up capital from institutional investors or business angels, there is no compelling reason to write a detailed business plan before opening a new business. Instead, the authors suggest that entrepreneurs should make financial projections, especially cash flow. It means that they should look at expected sales revenue and operating costs including material, labor and capital assets and open their business. That advice implies that they should do business planning but not write formal plans before starting their businesses. Then, if their business grows and needs external funding, they will be able to write a business plan that is more persuasive. In contrast to the studies from Lumpkin et al. and Lange et al. , some studies have shown that planning does go together with the success and growth of new ventures. Ford et al. (2003) conducted a study of 800 randomly selected American nascent companies and found a significant positive correlation between the degree of business planning formality and financial results in year 1 and 2. Liang and Gartner (2005) found, they found that the chances for survival of ventures in an uncertain financial and competitive environment was more likely when they engaged in planning in the early stage of the start-up activities. And that ventures were more likely to continue their activities if they started to plan late in the stage of start-up activities in a certain financial and competitive environment. For now, we will leave the discussion aside whether causality exists between writing a BP and the success of the venture and move on to asking ourselves why so many entrepreneurs bother to write the business plan. Many business people or entrepreneurs defend that the time that is needed to produce a formal written BP, would be better spent on pushing the new venture forward instead of writing a plan that no one will read. (Allen 2006) This might be true if we take into consideration that the venture capitalist or the firms that provide finance to businesses receive piles and piles of business plans and have no time to read them all. In fact, very few entrepreneurs have access to formal venture capital at the moment they launch their businesses. Bygrave and Hunt (2004), for example, estimate that in the US, fewer than one in ten thousand new ventures has the privilege to receive their financial funds of a venture capitalist. This is very rare, especially for the USA which has more than two-thirds of the total venture capital in the entire world. This means that receiving capital from VCs is by far the rarest form of funding. So why then go so many entrepreneurs through the process of writing business plans if the main objective of their plan is to secure funding from a venture capitalist and they know that they will almost always come up empty handed? One of the reasons may be that other sources of financial funding such as banks, business angels, equity investors require written business plans too. Another explanation could be that they write the plan for internal reasons. Although writing a business plan is a very laborious task and it takes typically several weeks to finish it could avoid costly, perhaps disastrous, mistakes later thanks to the planning process that helps the entrepreneur think through things thoroughly. (business plan guide 4 start ups) Furthermore, it is a fact that if you want your BP to be noticed by investors, the chance is greater if you get a personal introduction, instead of approaching them on your own (Barringer, 2008). This is definitely the case for all businesses in China. If you want to look for capital, or even if you just want to do business, you will need Guanxi. Guanxi literally means relationships. Since Confucius set-out the basic relationship rules 2000 years ago this has become the basis for conducting succesfull business in China. The reality is that the majority of Chinese people wont trust and will not do business with people that are not part of their Guanxi. If you win the confidence of a chinese business relation, he will be part of your Guaxi network and will be happy to do business or introduce you to other acquintances or information sources, thus expanding your Guanxi network. Seligman (2005) points out that it has been generally known for centuries that businesses in China with a widely developed Guanxi network are more succesful than those with a limited or no network. We conclude that is not about having a good or a bad business plan per se to secure finance but more about knowing the right people. This is why startup businesses have the disadvantage over established firms because they may not have such contacts. Anyway, a lot of authors recommend to do write the business plan because for the internal and external value that lies within the plan. Abrams and Barrow (2005) state that a good business plan for a sound business concept not only helps achieving the business goals, it also lets you save time and money by focusing on your business activities, giving you more control over your finances, marketing, and daily operations, and helps you raise the capital you need. Or as Kleiner (2004), a legendary venture capitalist states: Even if you have all the money you need, you still need a business plan. A plan shows how youll run a business. Without a plan, you dont know where youre going, and you cant measure your progress.

The Death Penalty is a Just and Proper Punishment :: Pro Capital Punishment Death Penalty Crime Essays

The Death Penalty is a Just and Proper Punishment The idea of putting another human to death is hard to completely fathom. The physical mechanics involved in the act of execution are easy to grasp, but the emotions involved in carrying out a death sentence on another person, regardless of how much they deserve it, is beyond my own understanding. I know it must be painful, dehumanizing, and sickening. However, this act is sometimes necessary and it is our responsibility as a society to see that it is done. Opponents of capital punishment have basically four arguments. The first is that there is a possibility of error. However, the chance that there might be an error is separate from the issue of whether the death penalty can be justified or not. If an error does occur, and an innocent person is executed, then the problem lies in the court system, not in the death penalty. Furthermore, most activities in our world, in which humans are involved, possess a possibility of injury or death. Construction, sports, driving, and air travel all offer the possibility of accidental death even though the highest levels of precautions are taken. These activities continue to take place, and continue to occasionally take human lives, because we have all decided, as a society, that the advantages outweigh the unintended loss. We have also decided that the advantages of having dangerous murderers removed from our society outweigh the losses of the offender. The second argument against capital punishment is that it is unfair in its administration. Statistics show that the poor and minorities are more likely to receive the death penalty. Once again, this is a separate issue. It can't be disputed sadly, the rich are more likely to get off with a lesser sentence, and this bias is wrong. However, this is yet another problem of our current court system. The racial and economic bias is not a valid argument against the death penalty. It is an argument against the courts and their unfair system of sentencing. The third argument is actually a rebuttal to a claim made by some supporters of the death penalty. The claim is that the threat of capital punishment reduces violent crimes. Opponents of the death penalty do not agree and have a valid argument when they say, "The claims that capital punishment reduces violent crime is inconclusive and certainly not proven." I am not refuting this accusation. In fact, statistics show that the death penalty neither lowers or raises the incidence of violent crimes.

Marketing Plan for Maggie Essay

Promotions showcases which mode of promotion is most effective and how do consumers respond to various celebrity endorsements. Place focuses on efficiency of distribution network of Maggi Tomato Ketchup. We have also drawn out some inferences by applying various statistical tools like ‘SIGN TEST’. Towards the end we have suggested some recommendations as a group on how can we improve the marketing mix of the product. Nestle, which world knows as cautious and conservatory company is a Swiss originated 140 years old Multinational. The man at the helm is Swiss national Carlo Donati, an all inspiration and image of the company. His philosophy is ‘bottom line dictating top line’ based on delegation and decentralization. It resulted from a merger in 1905 between the Anglo-Swiss Milk Company for milk products established in 1866 by the Page Brothers in Cham, Switzerland and the Farine Lactee Henri Nestle Company set up in 1867 by Henri Nestle to provide an infant food product. The first Nestle factory to begin production in the United States was opened in Fulton, Oswego County, New York. Nestle India Ltd. (NIL), the Indian subsidiary of the global FMCG major, Nestle SA, introduced the Maggi brand in India in 1982, with its launch of Maggi 2 Minute Noodles, an instant noodles product. Nestle India’s business objective and that of its management and employees is to manufacture and market the Company’s products in such a way as to create value that can be sustained over the long term for consumers, shareholders, employees, business partners and the national economy. The product mix of Nestle India consists of milk products and baby products (42. %), beverages (29. 3 %), processed foods (14. 4 %), chocolate and confectionary (13. 8 %).

A Character Sketch of Rudolph Steiner (the Green Door by O’Henry)

Rudolph Steiner belongs to the middle class of American society of the beginning of the 20th century. He is a piano salesman, a commonplace citizen on the one hand, but on the other hand he is (as the author characterizes him) â€Å"a true adventurer; few were the evenings on which he didn’t go forth from his hall bedchamber in search of the unexpected†. No matter where he goes, he tries to find an adventure in every thing possible. His adventurous spirit has already led him â€Å"into strange paths† several times, but he still retains it. This time, having received a card with the inscription â€Å"Green Door† from a dispenser in the street, he undertakes another evening journey. Rudolph Steiner is a commonplace American and not an American at the same time. He lives here but he is quite different from the capitalist majority. O’Henry characterizes Rudolph indirectly through his speech: †This is ridiculous to go without eatingI’m coming back tomorrow to see how you are getting along – you can’t get rid of me so easily†. This difference was (in those days) and is vitally important nowadays, Rudolph is deeply humane, despite the unspoken law of the society (as consequences of the so-called â€Å"social darvinism† – the fittest survive); he treats poor people the same way as all others and the financial state of a person he deals with is of no difference for him. We can draw this conclusion from his conduct towards the girl: he understands not only her helplessness, but spends his (probably all his) money to support her , to take her out of trouble, showing his philanthropic nature. Rudolph is awarded: the girl turns out not to be of the kind he thought before. He says: â€Å"All the same, I believe it was the hand of Fate that doped out the way for me to find her†. Rudolph Steiner is a character to draw people people’s attention to an acute problem of the society, to the disparaging treatment of the poor. The general outline of the story makes some critics think that it’s just for entertainment, like many others available on sale†, but it’s a one to make us think thanks to the character of Rudolph Steiner, a favourable exception among the majority.

What Is Your Idea Of A Healthy Community Provide Specific Examples

What Is Your Idea Of A Healthy Community Provide Specific Examples What Is Your Idea Of A Healthy Community Provide Specific Examples. What Do Healthy Communities – Coursework Example Healthy Community What is Your Idea Of A Healthy Community? Provide Specific Examples Healthy community is something that provides an individual as well as families a physical, social and economic environment within which they can achieve optimal well-being and physical health. A healthy community always encourages and influences one to lead a better quality life (Health Resources in Action, 2001). The community of Phoenix, Arizona can be considered as an example where there has been an improvement in the quality of air due to current restrictions in cigarette smoking in all public space. The hospitals, parks, recreational areas and schools are located at a distance that can be accessed through walking from every local community. However, focus is necessary for the general health of people within the region to establish a healthy community (Health Resources in Action, 2001). What Do Healthy Communities Have In Common?There are certain aspects that are common in all health communities . These can be comprehended from the points provided hereunder. Participatory model which seems to have grown from both top down to ground upAcquiring proper funding to support the Healthy community projectsActions, ideas and solutions are derived from the association of various groups involved Consideration and reflection of the local values Managing conflicts by dialogue and conciliationIdentification as well as resolution of the prevailing issues by the leadersResidents of the community have a common vision of their future collectively that helps them to get motivated which further unite to face the challenges Institutions and organizations foresee and transform to an ever-changing environment Source: (Health Resources in Action, 2001)How Would You Provide Care For A Community If Your Idea Of A Healthy Community Does Not Match Your Communitys Definition Of A Healthy Community?In this case, it would be necessary to understand the drawbacks of the community and identify the issues that are necessary to be focused. Based on the analysis, required initiatives should be taken to make an effective community health project that would serve beneficial for the community. Moreover, I would also encourage people living in the community to participate in the health programs. ReferenceHealth Resources in Action. (2001). Defining healthy communities. Retrieved from hria.org/uploads/catalogerfiles/defining-healthy-communities/defining_healthy_communities_1113_final_report.pdf

Free Essays on Dana Tiger

Dana Tiger Dana Tiger has established herself as one of America’s leading contemporary artist. Dana was born in 1961 and is of Creek/Seminole and Cherokee descent. She is the daughter of Jerome and Peggy tiger and has a brother named Chris and a sister named Lisa. Dana’s father was a nationally claimed artist until he died of an accidental self inflicted gunshot wound to the head in 1967, when Dana was only five. Her mother Peggy was always a housewife and remains today as her only parent. Her brother Chris was also an artist until he was murdered in 1990 and in 1992 her only surviving sibling, Lisa, was told she tested positive for HIV. Dana was married to Donnie Blair in 1992. They have a daughter named Christie and a son named Coleman Lian. They live in a log cabin studio in the country near Tahlequah, Oklahoma right in the heart of the Cherokee Nation (Dana Tiger, â€Å"Biography,† artnatam.com/dtiger/bio.html). Dana was raised by her mother and her uncle, Johnny Tiger Jr. was sort of a father figure to her. Although Jerome Tiger died when Dana was only five, he was a prolific legacy. Dana’s Uncle Johnny recognized her talent early, and served as a mentor and tutor. Her mother Peggy also gave Dana a lot of guidance. She received her education from Oklahoma State University and received a lot of art instruction from her uncle. She has won several awards from juried competitions as a student from the Five Civilized Tribes Museum and the Heard Museum. As a professional artist she has also won several awards including the Five Civilized Tribes Museum in 1978, 1980 and 1987; the Tulsa Indian Art Festival and Pow Wow in 1988 and 1989, and the Cherokee National Museum in 1988 and 1989. In 1985 at age twenty-four, Dana began her full time career as an artist. Since then, her one-woman shows have been sellouts (Dana Tiger, â€Å"Biography,† geocities.com/SoHo/Museum/5059/danabi o.html). Dana is a m... Free Essays on Dana Tiger Free Essays on Dana Tiger Dana Tiger Dana Tiger has established herself as one of America’s leading contemporary artist. Dana was born in 1961 and is of Creek/Seminole and Cherokee descent. She is the daughter of Jerome and Peggy tiger and has a brother named Chris and a sister named Lisa. Dana’s father was a nationally claimed artist until he died of an accidental self inflicted gunshot wound to the head in 1967, when Dana was only five. Her mother Peggy was always a housewife and remains today as her only parent. Her brother Chris was also an artist until he was murdered in 1990 and in 1992 her only surviving sibling, Lisa, was told she tested positive for HIV. Dana was married to Donnie Blair in 1992. They have a daughter named Christie and a son named Coleman Lian. They live in a log cabin studio in the country near Tahlequah, Oklahoma right in the heart of the Cherokee Nation (Dana Tiger, â€Å"Biography,† artnatam.com/dtiger/bio.html). Dana was raised by her mother and her uncle, Johnny Tiger Jr. was sort of a father figure to her. Although Jerome Tiger died when Dana was only five, he was a prolific legacy. Dana’s Uncle Johnny recognized her talent early, and served as a mentor and tutor. Her mother Peggy also gave Dana a lot of guidance. She received her education from Oklahoma State University and received a lot of art instruction from her uncle. She has won several awards from juried competitions as a student from the Five Civilized Tribes Museum and the Heard Museum. As a professional artist she has also won several awards including the Five Civilized Tribes Museum in 1978, 1980 and 1987; the Tulsa Indian Art Festival and Pow Wow in 1988 and 1989, and the Cherokee National Museum in 1988 and 1989. In 1985 at age twenty-four, Dana began her full time career as an artist. Since then, her one-woman shows have been sellouts (Dana Tiger, â€Å"Biography,† geocities.com/SoHo/Museum/5059/danabi o.html). Dana is a m...